PEMBUATAN KITOSAN DARI LIMBAH CANGKANG KULIT UDANG WINDU (Penaeus monodon) ASAL KABUPATEN MALAKA

Naisau, Mikhael Rifantus (2023) PEMBUATAN KITOSAN DARI LIMBAH CANGKANG KULIT UDANG WINDU (Penaeus monodon) ASAL KABUPATEN MALAKA. Undergraduate thesis, Universitas Timor.

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Abstract

3 ABSTRACT MIKHAEL RIFANTUS NAISAU. Production of Chitosan from Waste Tiger Shrimp (Penaeus monodon) from Malaka District. By MARIA MAGDALENA KOLO S.Si.,M.Si and MATIUS STEFANUS BATU S.Pd.,M.Si. Shrimp is one of the mainstay export commodities and is popular with the public because of the delicious taste of its meat, but the shells and heads are simply thrown away and become waste so that left unchecked will cause environmental pollution. The heads and shells can be used in the process of making chitosan, because they contain 20% -30% chitin, 30% -40% protein, and 30% -50% calcium carbonate. The purpose of this study was to determine the optimum concentration of NaOH in the deacetylation process. Chitosan is a derivative of chitin which is found in the skin of crustacean animals such as crabs, shrimp and lobsters. Chitin production is carried out through two stages, namely demineralization and deproteination. The deacetylation process used 1 N HCl solution, with a ratio of 1/15 (w/v) stirred using a magmetic stirrer at 600 rpm for 30 minutes. This is done to remove the inorganic content in the shrimp shell. Deproteination reaction with 3.5% NaOH solution, with a ratio of 1/10 (w/v), then heated for 2 hours at 650C. This process is done to remove the protein content. The deacetylation reaction of chitin to chitosan was carried out by varying the NaOH solution. NaOH solution with a concentration of 30%-70%, with a ratio of 1/10 (w/v), while heating for 4 hours at 1200C with a speed of 600 rpm. The degree of deacetylation of the chitosan produced from this process was analyzed using an FTIR (Fourier Transform Infra Red) spectrometer. The results of this study indicate that the optimum concentration of NaOH in the deacetylation process of making chitosan from waste tiger shrimp shells is 60% NaOH of 78.03%, 4% moisture content, 0.04% ash content, and viscosity 3.5347 ± 0,00 Cp. Keywords : chitosan, tiger prawn shell, variations in NaOH concentration.

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